Timeline History

India History Timeline: 1851 - 1900



Year Rulers War and Politics Entertainment Literature Art and Architecture Science and Technology World Historic Events / Personalities
1851-1855 Governor-General of India : James Andrew Broun-Ramsay (1848–1856) The Government Museum is established in Madras (1851)

The Photographic Society of Bombay is founded (1854)
Calcutta, Madras and Bombay universities are opened. (1857) Isaac Singer invents a sewing machine.(1851)

First double-decker bus (1851)

George Cayley invents a manned glider.(1853)

Formation of Republican Party in US (1854)
On Saturday April 16, 1853, the first Indian commercial passenger train steamed off from Bori Bunder to Thana a distance of 34 km.

A steam loco, Thomason, had been used for hauling construction material in Roorkee for the Solani viaduct since 22nd December 1851


GIPNO 1 (stamp, 1976) is representative of the earliest engines employed in India, and ordered from Vulcan Foundry, England

1856-1860 Governor-General of India : Charles John Canning (1856–1858)
Charles John Canning (1858–1862)
First War of Indian Independence (1857) Schools of art are opened in Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta (1850s) Louis Pasteur invents pasteurisation.(1856)

Britain and China are at war (1856)
Birth of Bal Gangadhar Tilak (1856)

Death of Mangal Pandey (1857)

Death of Rani Lakshmibai (1858)
1861-1865 Governor-General of India : James Bruce (1862–1863)
Sir Robert Napier (1863)
Sir William Denison (1863–1864)
A History Of India
A History Of India
Birth of Rabindranath Tagore (1861)


Tagore (1861 - 1941) became Asia's first Nobel laureate when he won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Lucknow, Nagpur, Lahore and Bangalore museums are opened (1860- 1865) Pierre Michaux invents a bicycle.(1861)

American Civil War begins (1861)

Dr. Richard Gatling patents the machine gun.(1862)

Lincoln assassinated (1865)


Birth of Swami Vivekananda (1863)

1866-1870 Governor-General of India : Sir John Laird Mair Lawrence (1864–1869)
Richard Southwell Bourke (1869–1872)
People of India is published by the government of India (1868) The Archaeological Survey of India is established (1870) Invention of dynamite by Alfred Nobel(1866)

Christopher Scholes invents the first practical and modern typewriter.(1867)

Robert Mushet invents tungsten steel.(1868)

Suez Canal opened (1869)


Mahatma Gandhi born in Porbandar (1869 Oct 2)


Earthquake of magnitude 7.5 hits Assam (1869 Jan 10)

The first submarine telegraph cable from UK landed in Bombay. (1870)
1871-1875 Governor-General of India : Sir John Strachey (1872)
Francis Napier (1872)
Thomas George Baring (1872–1876)
Raja Ravi Varma won the First Prize at the Madras Painting Exhibition (1873) The Victoria and Albert Museum opens in Bombay (1872)

The stupa at Barhut is uncovered. (1873- 1874)
Opening of Brooklyn Bridge (1872)

Development of first color photographs (1873)
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is born in Nadiad (1875 Oct 31)

Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda in 1875
1876-1880 Queen Victoria was made the Empress of India (1877)
Governor-General of India : Robert Bulwer-Lytton (1876–1880)
Mayuram Vedanayakam Pillai wrote the first Tamil novel Prathapa Mudaliar Charithram (1879) The Victoria Terminus in Bombay is constructed (1878 - 1887) Graham Bell invents the telephone (1876)

Englishmen, John Milne invents the modern seismograph.(1880)
Dominance Without Hegemony: History & Power in Colonial India
Dominance Without Hegemony: History & Power in Colonial India
1881-1885 Governor-General of India : George Frederick Samuel Robinson (1880–1884)
Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood (1884–1888)
INC (Indian National Congress) is formed (1885) Mahakavi Bharathiar (1882-1921) introduced a new poetic style in Tamil poetry writing


Bharathi fought against the caste system which was widely in vogue during his times. He also gave up his own casteistic identity. He was with an in-depth knowledge of the vedas and the Bhagavad Gita.

Alexander Graham Bell invents the first crude metal detector.(1881)

Pasteur invents rabies vaccine (1885)

Harim Maxim invents the machine gun.(1885)

Gottlieb Daimler invents the first gas-engined motorcycle. (1885)
Birth of Veer Savarkar (1883)

1886-1890 Governor-General of India : Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice (1888–1894) Lumiere Brothers Cinematographe unveiled six soundless short films at Bombay (1886) The Essential Writings Of Jawaharlal Nehru
The Essential Writings Of Jawaharlal Nehru
Trichur, Udaipur, Bhopal, Madras, Rajkot, Pune, and Lahore Museums are opened (1887-1894) Gottlieb Daimler builds the world's first four-wheeled motor vehicle. (1886)

William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, commissioned by Thomas Alva Edison, builds the first motion-picture camera and names it the Kinetograph (1889)


Thomas Edison demonstrating the kinetograph in 1928


Picasso paints Le picador (1889-1890)


Death of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1886)


Birth of Jawaharlal Nehru (1889 Nov 14)

1891-1895 Governor-General of India : Victor Alexander Bruce (1894–1899) Jesse W. Reno invents the escalator.(1891)

Discovery of x-rays by Rontgen (1895)
A History of India
A History of India
1896-1900 Governor-General of India : George Nathaniel Curzon (1899–1904) Advertisement appears in the Times of India, inviting people to witness "the wonder of the world," Lumiere Brothers' moving pictures (July 7, 1896) Chandrakanta written by Devaki Nandan Khatri. Religious Revivalism As Nationalist Discourse: Swami Vivekananda and New Hinduism in Nineteenth-Century Bengal
Religious Revivalism As Nationalist Discourse: Swami Vivekananda and New Hinduism in Nineteenth-Century Bengal

Marie Curie discovers the radioactive elements radium and polonium (1898)

Modern Olympics held in Athens (1896)

Nobel Prizes established (1896)

Boxer Rebellion in China (1900)
Birth of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose (1897)

Ramakrishna Mission is founded by Swami Vivekananda (1897)
Year Rulers War and Politics Entertainment Literature Art and Architecture Science and Technology World Historic Events / Personalities


India History Timeline : 1801 - 1850

India History Timeline : 1901 - 1950

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